Cryptocurrency activities in Russia are restricted under the Federal Law 'On Digital Financial Assets' (2020). The Central Bank of Russia maintains a cautious stance, emphasizing financial stability and inflation control, with no explicit supportive regulatory framework for crypto businesses.
| Status | Restricted |
| Risk Score | 80/100 (Very High Risk) |
| Region | europe |
| Currency | RUB |
| Adoption Rank | #5 |
| Capital Gains (Personal) | 13% on income up to 2.4 million RUB/year; 15% above that threshold (standard PIT rates, no separate capital gains framework; crypto profits taxed as ordinary income) |
| Capital Gains (Corporate) | 25% corporate profit tax on crypto gains (same as standard corporate rate, effective 2025) |
| VAT on Crypto | No |
| Required | Yes |
| Regulator | CBR / Rosfinmonitoring |
| Framework | Federal Law 'On Digital Financial Assets' (2020) |
| Ease | hard |
| Cost (USD) | $50,000 - $500,000 |
Licensing is required for crypto service providers, but obtaining licenses is difficult due to strict regulatory environment.
Russian authorities have prosecuted crypto-related money laundering and fraud cases. The CBR has blocked access to certain crypto platforms. In 2025, authorities enforced mining registration requirements.
| Status | Pilot |
| Name | Digital Ruble |
| Issuing Authority | Bank of Russia |
| Model | retail |
| KYC Required | Yes |
| Travel Rule | Yes |
| FATF Member | No |
| FATF Status | suspended |
| FATF Body | FATF |
| Suspicious-Activity Reporting | Yes |
Status: Restricted
DeFi activities face regulatory restrictions and lack clear legal recognition in Russia.
Status: evolving
Stablecoins classified as 'foreign digital rights' under Russian law. Ruble-pegged A7A5 stablecoin approved by CBR for cross-border trade settlements (October 2025), processing over $100bn in transactions by mid-2026. Bank of Russia studying feasibility of a national stablecoin in 2026. Privacy coins prohibited. Domestic payment use remains banned. EU has banned A7A5 (19th package Nov 2025), RUBx, and Russia's digital ruble (20th package, effective May 24 2026), severely limiting Western interaction. New standalone stablecoin bill under preparation for State Duma.
Status: Unclear
No NFT-specific regulation. NFTs may be classified as digital rights or digital financial assets depending on structure.
| Legal | Yes |
| Electricity Cost | $0.038/kWh |
| Renewable Energy | 20% |
| Infrastructure | good |
Mining is legal but restricted with regulatory oversight and some regional limitations. Electricity cost is low, supporting mining activity despite restrictions.
| Stability | unstable |
| Sanctions | Yes |
| Corruption Index | 29/100 |
| Banking Access | very_restricted |
Risk Factors
Cryptocurrency activities in Russia are restricted under the Federal Law 'On Digital Financial Assets' (2020). The Central Bank of Russia maintains a cautious stance, emphasizing financial stability and inflation control, with no explicit supportive regulatory framework for crypto businesses.
Russia is classified by FATF as: suspended.
Yes, licensing is required for VASPs.
KYC is mandatory for crypto businesses.
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Explore IT Services →Last reviewed: 2026-06-01 · Data source: Soken Crypto Legal Map
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