---
type: country
domain: crypto-regulation
status: stable
tags: ["crypto-regulation", "europe", "fatf", "legal"]
aliases: ["NL", "NLD", "Nederland"]
created: 2026-04-13
updated: 2026-01-15
compile_into: ["[[country--netherlands]]"]
sources:
  - name: "DNB"
    url: "https://www.dnb.nl"
    type: "official"
  - name: "EU [[concept--mica|MiCA]] Regulation"
    url: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu"
    type: "official"
---

# 🇳🇱 [[country--netherlands|Netherlands]] (NL) — Crypto Regulation

> The Netherlands has a clear and comprehensive regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies, including adherence to MiCAR and the Dutch AML Act (Wwft). The Financial Supervision Act (Wft) also applies, ensuring robust oversight by De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB).

## Overview

| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| Status | Legal |
| Risk Score | 28/100 (Moderate Risk) |
| Enforcement Level | High |
| Region | [[domain--europe|europe]] |
| Currency | [[entity--eur|EUR]] |
| Adoption Rank | #21 |

## Tax

| Type | Rate |
|------|------|
| Capital Gains (Personal) | 36% deemed return tax on net assets above €57,000 (Box 3); actual gains not taxed |
| Capital Gains (Corporate) | 25.8% (19% for first €200,000) |
| VAT on Crypto | No |

Crypto transactions are subject to VAT. Specific tax rates for capital gains, staking, mining, and airdrops are not detailed on the regulator page.

## Licensing

| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| Required | Yes |
| Regulator | [[entity--afm|AFM]] / DNB |
| Framework | MiCAR |
| Ease | medium |
| Cost | $50,000 - $110,000 |
| Timeline | 6-18 months |

Licensing is governed under MiCAR and requires compliance with Dutch financial regulations overseen by DNB.

## AML / KYC

| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| KYC Required | Yes |
| Travel Rule | Yes |
| [[concept--fatf|FATF]] Member | Yes |
| FATF Status | compliant |

## DeFi

**Status:** regulated

DeFi activities fall under the regulatory scope of MiCAR and Dutch AML laws, requiring compliance with existing financial regulations.

## Stablecoins

**Status:** regulated

Stablecoins are regulated under MiCAR with specific requirements for issuance and operation.

## NFTs

**Status:** Unclear

MiCA excludes unique NFTs. AFM follows ESMA classification guidance.

## Mining

| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| Legal | Yes |
| Electricity Cost | $0.18/kWh |
| Renewable Energy | 30% |
| Climate | temperate |
| Infrastructure | excellent |

Mining is legal with relatively high electricity costs and moderate renewable energy usage. Excellent infrastructure supports mining operations.

## Geopolitics

| Field | Value |
|-------|-------|
| Stability | stable |
| Sanctions | No |
| Corruption Index | 80/100 |
| Ease of Business | easy |
| Internet Freedom | free |
| Banking Access | open |

## Enforcement

DNB has imposed fines on crypto companies for AML non-compliance and rejected VASP registration applications. AFM has issued warnings about crypto risks and unauthorized platforms.

## CBDC Status: exploring

---

*Data source: [Soken Crypto Legal Map](https://soken.dev/crypto-map/). Last reviewed: 2026-04-13.*

**Sources:**
- [DNB](https://www.dnb.nl)
- [EU MiCA Regulation](https://eur-lex.europa.eu)